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In our article, First Individual Interpretations of the Chief Labour Inspectorate (GIP). When Can a Contract of Mandate or B2B Agreement Be Considered an Employment Relationship?[https://sklaw.com.pl/pl/aktualnosci/pierwsze-interpretacje-indywidualne-gip-kiedy-umowa-zlecenia-i-b2b-moga-zostac-uznane-za-stosunek-pracy/], we outlined how the GIP assesses contracts of mandate, B2B contracts and other civil-law agreements, as well as the circumstances that may lead to the adopted cooperation model being challenged, […]

The first 12 individual interpretations issued by the Chief Labour Inspector (GIP) make it possible to identify how the GIP assesses contracts of mandate, B2B agreements and other civil-law contracts, as well as the circumstances that may lead to the cooperation model adopted by the parties being challenged. An analysis of these positions provides a

The use of artificial intelligence in e-commerce and marketing is becoming standard practice. However, the way AI-generated or AI-modified content is used may give rise to specific legal obligations. This applies in particular to product images, marketing materials and other content that may be perceived as an authentic representation of reality.   The AI Act

The PESEL number is the primary personal identification number used within the Polish administrative system. While it is automatically assigned to Polish citizens, foreign nationals appointed to the management board of a Polish company often need to apply for it separately. In practice, obtaining a PESEL number is frequently essential for the proper performance of

Collective redundancies constitute a specific procedure for terminating employment relationships, involving numerous obligations on the part of the employer as well as specific rights for employees. This procedure applies where the reasons for workforce reductions do not relate to employees personally, but instead arise from decisions or circumstances on the employer’s side.   When do

Cybersecurity is no longer solely an IT or compliance issue. With the implementation of the NIS2 Directive, responsibility for information security has become a matter of direct management oversight, with potential personal consequences for members of management bodies.   The amendment to the Polish National Cybersecurity System Act (KSC) implements Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (NIS2), adopted

The amendment to the Polish Code of Civil Procedure, which enters into force on 1 March 2026, introduces significant changes to the way powers of attorney are granted and submitted in civil proceedings. Electronic powers of attorney become a formally permissible and legally equivalent alternative to paper documents, marking an important step in the continued

On September 12, 2025, the Data Act (Regulation (EU) 2023/2854) came into effect, aiming to harmonize rules regarding data access and use throughout the European Union. This regulation introduces significant changes that may greatly impact the functioning of many companies, especially in the sectors of new technologies, IoT, and digital services.   Nature and Objectives

In today’s business environment, information forms the foundation of a company’s operations, particularly when it concerns key know-how, development plans, marketing strategies, innovative technologies, or commercial terms. Such data represent an essential corporate asset whose protection is a top priority in relations with partners, contractors, or potential investors. The key instrument safeguarding this information is

Commercial Proxy — Definition and Legal Characteristics   A commercial proxy is a special type of power of attorney under Polish law. It may be granted only by an entrepreneur registered in CEiDG or KRS. By granting a commercial proxy, the entrepreneur authorizes the proxy holder to act on their behalf in both judicial and